According to the lunar system of ancient astrology, Bhadra month starts from the next day of Shravanapurnima, while according to solar month, Vadha month is considered to start from the day of Leo Sankranti, but in Shakya Panchang, Vadha month starts five days after Leo Sankranti. Mostly it is seen that the solar month formula is adopted. August is the second month of the rainy season. Half of the English month falls in August and half in September. It is called Olke because it is a day when Olko is given according to social traditions and customs. Olko means olak, gift, koseli. In the expert Nepali comprehensive dictionary, Olko means 10 Bhadra Sankranti, Koseli (fruits, vegetables, etc.) given by lower castes to upper castes on the day of Vadau 20 Bhadra Sankranti, Koseli (fruits, vegetables, etc.) given to relatives and important people on the day of 30 Bhadra Sankranti or the festival of such Koseli.
In the Far West, Olko means a gift or gift. The specialty of this festival is to give karkala inner leaves (gava), fruits, etc. Similarly, it is customary to take vegetables, grains, milk, curd, ghee, etc. to visit dignitaries.
The first portion of every product is offered to the deity. The act of offering food to the deity is called Nwagi, while fruits, vegetables and oil are also given to the deity as gifts. The act of giving olko, which is started from the temple of the deity, is carried to the house of everyone related to him. It is customary to wake up early in the morning on August 1st, take a bath and prepare various dishes and eat together. Similarly, on this day, it is customary to give tools related to one's profession, such as sinka, leaf, tongs, chulesi, etc., as gifts to relatives. This festival is celebrated as the original and oldest festival of Far West people. It is also called Singh Sankranti. Respecting the elders and loving the younger ones is also a feature of this festival. It is believed that it rains for seven days and seven nights during this festival. Khare river flows into big rivers, rivers flow into the sea. There is also a popular belief that if a star is seen in the sky during this time or if the horn of a buffalo grazing in the forest is visible, there will be a famine. In addition to the appearance of new types of plants or insects, grasshoppers, dust, smoke and dirt are washed away and water springs start to burst, it is believed. Abundant rain water has cleansed the nature. Tridoshas in such a body are also cleansed. That is why it is also considered as the day of throwing loot.
According to Doteli culture, the night of July, Prabhat (morning) of Pus, and Dhofari (afternoon) of June are considered inauspicious times. When a hardship is over, a new time comes. The night of July is called black night (anyari). Olke is considered as a new day after the black time. Festivals come with a new dimension at this time. The following days are counted from that day. It is said after Olke before Olke.
On the day of Olke, doteli culture also has the tradition of phono, gatani dubka, bhakke roto, rot, mana, eating and dancing with fun. The past is taken with great importance. In Doteli culture, the festival is called Tyar. Olke is considered to be the first among the Tyars. During the festival, food etc. is separated to make dishes. The material separated in this way is called Tyar Wano. If you don't have it yourself, the festival is celebrated with great fanfare.
By the time it reaches Olkeka, it is time for heavy rains. Due to long rains, new types of plants and insects and grasshoppers start to appear in nature. Dust, smoke and dirt are washed away. In Pakhapakhera, Navadhara (water sources) burst. Prithvi becomes a brunette and Kanchan again. At this time, the mountain streams also lead to the sea. It is believed that it takes seven days and seven nights to reach a deep sea, so it is said that it rains for seven days and seven nights. In Kumaon, this festival is called Ghiu Tihar. Ghee must be eaten on this day. If you don't accept Olkei Sankranti in the popular opinion, it will be a doubt in another Zuni! There is also a belief that during the Chaturmas period, new grains are offered to the deities in memory of the deities who have gone to Kailash. Services and products are exchanged between families according to social and economic arrangements. The goods exchanged for services and materials were called nisara, khanumanu, and the one given according to the harvest along with the baker was also called kholo. Olko is given to those related families.
On the day of Olke Sankranti, all the villagers gather tree branches, twigs, etc. in a high takura near the village and make a pile in one place, which is called Budi in the local language. In the Dwapara Yuga, under the leadership of Lord Krishna, the cowherd tied the Putana in a happy ceremony. On the evening of Asoj Sankranti, it is customary to go to the place where the budi has been placed and burn it at once, saying 'Gaibachchi Pal Budi Nijal' from the cowshed, along with bonfires and various colorful flowers and leaves from house to house. In this way, in addition to getting rid of various diseases when burning Budi, it is believed that wherever the smoke goes, the crops in that direction will also be good. On the day of Olke, the ping of Babiya's rope is made.
The medieval Doti state is considered to be very organized economically and socially. Even before the rule of Malla, Doti is found as a powerful ruler. All the customs and traditions seem to have started with the end of the Pala dynasty and the rise of the Malla dynasty. At that time, arrangements were made for Rajpuja in all the temples. Surnames were determined in alphabetical order. Birta Mukhneli was given and social rituals were also started. Along with the Katyuri Thakuri ruler, the majority of the Arya Bahun, Chhetri, adopted the Vedic norms and customs. Representing each village, the headman used to go to Ajaymerukot every day. The king himself used to go to the temple and make vows and get a groom. Those activities are established as customs and practices.
The people living in the remote, remote and isolated mountain valleys and valleys of Kali (the then Doti state between Karnali and present-day Far West Province) were left without contact due to the continuous rains of June, July, and landslides. Maize and millet (later also rice) were planted and threshed separately. In this way, in Chaumas, they would send some food as a gift to their loved ones who had lost contact. It was called Olko. It was also sent to gods and kings. For protecting the gods and for giving land to the king. It was not specified that this food should be given abroad. Whatever was available was sent to whoever had it. Festivals start from August as the sowing and tilling work is over. In the corn field, corn and cucumbers are picked. August is also a kind of festive month. That is why they are sent to their loved ones as a gift of joy. Along with Olke being considered as the oldest festival, festivals like Gaura, Krishna Janmashtami, Raksha Bandhan, Haritalika Teej are held continuously in the same month. August is also the month of festivals. Olke is not only the festival of August but also the oldest festival of the year after monsoon.
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